聚能射流形成过程的理论建模与分析

分析了聚能射流的形成过程,并对其中的各阶段进行了详细建模。在模型中考虑了炸药爆轰、金属的驱动、药型罩压垮以及射流和杵体的形成过程。采用该模型对某一聚能装药结构进行了计算,计算结果表明:药型罩顶部和底部微元的压垮速度较小,在射流头部形成反向速度梯度,与试验数据吻合较好。该模型对于多级侵彻战斗部的工程设计与侵彻参数的计算具有一定的参考价值。     

基于MSP430单片机的海浪水压场自动测量系统

提出了基于MSP430单片机的水压场自动测量系统的设计方案和实现方法并进行了实际测量.解决了自动测量系统中的低噪声、低功耗、高分辨率、大容量存储等关键技术.实验结果表明:该系统具有自动运行、电池供电、记录时间长等特点.适于高海况条件下的海浪水压场的测量.     

具有热阻、热漏和内不可逆性的联合卡诺热机生态学优化

用有限时间热力学的方法分析具有热阻、热漏、内不可逆性的定常流联合卡诺型热机循环.导出了在傅立叶导热定律下联合循环功率、效率和生态学指标的性能,并进行优化;得到功率、效率和生态学指标之间的优化关系,并由数值计算分析了功率、效率和循环熵产率之间的关系.所得的结果表明,最大生态学指标下的效率十分接近于联合循环可以达到的最大效率;相应的熵产率也要低于以输出功率为优化目标时的熵产率.     

NONPROLIFERATION POLICY CROSSROADS:

On October 1, 2008, Congress enacted a proposal that originated with President George W. Bush in 2005 to approve an unprecedented nuclear trade pact with India by removing a central pillar of US nonproliferation policy. Despite the numerous political challenges confronting the Bush administration, the initiative won strong bipartisan support, including votes from Democratic Senators Joseph Biden, Hillary Clinton, and Barack Obama. The four-year struggle to pass the controversial US-India nuclear trade agreement offers an exceptionally valuable case study. It demonstrates a classic tradeoff between the pursuit of broad multilateral goals such as nuclear nonproliferation and advancement of a specific bilateral relationship. It reveals enduring fault lines in executive branch relations with Congress. It vividly portrays challenges confronting proponents of a strong nonproliferation regime. This article is based on an analysis of the negotiating record and congressional deliberations, including interviews with key participants. It assesses the lessons learned and focuses on three principal questions: how did the agreement seek to advance US national security interests?; what were the essential elements of the prolonged state-of-the-art lobbying campaign to win approval from skeptics in Congress?; and what are the agreement's actual benefits—and costs—to future US nonproliferation efforts?     

Estimating non‐transparent military expenditures: The case of china (PRC)∗

Data limitations arising from non‐transparency in military expenditure reporting impose significant constraints on economists studying country and comparative developments in this field. This article focuses on the case of China. It reviews the recent literature on China's military expenditure, examines the variance in published estimates, and identifies three factors which help explain the variance: budgetary falsification; non‐budgeted PLA revenue; and the US dollar purchasing‐power parity of the yuan. Conclusions emphasize important policy implications of such variance and suggest a more active role for defence economists in a field of research generating considerable attention from international relations scholars.     

RELIABLE ENERGY SUPPLY AND NONPROLIFERATION

The phenomenon of global warming has led to a revival of the prospects for increased nuclear energy production worldwide, yet such increased production carries with it the increased risk of proliferation. To mitigate this risk, various multinational arrangements have been proposed to provide reliable supply of nuclear fuel while at the same time discouraging the construction of national plants for nuclear enrichment and reprocessing. This article provides a brief history of some of these proposals and concludes that the likelihood of success for such schemes as effective tools for nonproliferation is not high at this time. A proposal from the World Council on Renewable Energy to expand the understanding of supplier obligations under Article IV of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) to include the development of non-nuclear energy technologies for NPT parties in good standing is potentially a much better nonproliferation tool. Such an approach tracks the ideas contained in Title V of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, which has recently received revived congressional interest.     

Countering the effects of IED systems in Afghanistan: an integral approach

The current approach to countering the threat of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) in Afghanistan has met with limited success. The relative lack of success may be in part because the current approach is not holistic and discounts the social systems that foster the IEDs. Insurgents are using IEDs as a tool to further their strategic aims, but the coalition and to a lesser extent the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA) are attacking the IEDs as if they are an end in and of themselves. Combining network disruption with information change maximizes the opportunities for mitigating the IED threat. More specifically, to mitigate the IED threat requires disrupting the social and economic systems associated with IEDs, and at the same time providing alternative economic opportunities and improving rule of law and governance at the local level. In other words, counter-IED (C-IED) must be Counter-Insurgency (COIN) centric to be successful. This paper reviews the current state of C-IED efforts, identifies five main problems with the current approach, and suggests changes to reduce or mitigate the IED threat in Afghanistan.     

LDO稳压器敏感度建模与仿真技术研究

基于LDO稳压器在电磁干扰（EMI）下产生直流偏移失效的机理分析,展开敏感度建模与仿真方法研究。使用一款实验芯片,创新地引入片上电压传感器,用于测试EMI在LDO稳压器内部的传播特性。在敏感度建模中,建立等效电路模型,通过直流功能测试,Z参数阻抗特性测试验证模型的正确性,将该模型用于LDO稳压器的敏感度预测。在敏感度仿真过程中,通过分析关键子电路和不断增加寄生元件,仿真不同寄生因素对敏感度影响的权重。将仿真结果与传导直接注入法（DPI）片上测试结果对比,仿真结果与DPI测试在频域1MHz至1GHz匹配。     

融合可修性度量和双线学习的反导预案修正

对反导预案应用中基于预案推理的预案修正技术进行了研究,提出了一种新的反导预案修正方法。首先,在定义预案属性否决权和修正裕度的基础上,设计了一种考虑预案可修性的相似度计算方法;然后,以其为预案检索和修正规则学习的导向,融合离线预案库学习和在线实时学习策略,给出了预案修正规则的双线学习方法;建立了融合预案可修性度量和双线学习的反导预案修正模型,并对规则的归纳学习策略进行了研究;最后,进行了实例验证,结果证明了新修正方法的可行性和有效性。     

含脉冲负载的综合电力系统储能优化配置研究

考虑到舰船环境限制和高能脉冲负载对储能的需求,有必要对储能装置进行合理的选型和优化配置,来提升综合电力系统性能。为此,基于带权极小模理想点法和层次分析法,提出了一种储能装置性能评价函数,并以其为优化目标,进行储能装置优化配置。所提出的评价函数充分考虑系统需求和脉冲负载特性,以储能装置体积、质量和经济性作为评价函数主要组成部分,同时考虑功率、能量、电压、荷电状态等约束,建立优化配置模型,并采用差分进化算法进行求解。以高性能锂电池和超级电容器为例,对所提模型进行求解计算,结果表明在所给权重系数下锂电池性能更优,更适用于综合电力系统,并给出了优化配置后的指导方案。